雪
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唐代]：罗隐
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长安有贫者，为瑞不宜多。
雪译文及注释
译文
都说瑞雪兆丰年，丰年情况将如何？
长安城里有穷人，我说瑞雪不宜多。
注释
尽：全。道：讲，说。丰年瑞：瑞雪兆丰年。
若何：如何，怎么样。
宜：应该。
雪鉴赏
题目是“雪”，诗却非咏雪，而是发了一通雪是否瑞兆的议论。绝句长于抒情而拙于议论，五绝篇幅极狭，尤忌议论。作者偏用其短，看来是有意造成一种特殊的风格。
瑞雪兆丰年。辛勤劳动的农民看到飘飘瑞雪而产生丰年的联想与期望，是很自然的。但眼下是在繁华的帝都长安，这“尽道丰年瑞”的声音就颇值得深思。“尽道”二字，语含讥讽。联系下文，可以揣知“尽道丰年瑞”者是和“贫者”不同的另一世界的人们。这些安居深院华屋、身袭蒙茸皮裘的达官显宦、富商大贾，在酒酣饭饱、围炉取暖、观赏一天风雪的时候，正异口同声地大发瑞雪兆丰年的议论，他们也许会自命是悲天悯人、关心民生疾苦的仁者呢！
正因为是此辈“尽道丰年瑞”，所以接下去的是冷冷的一问：“丰年事若何？”即使真的丰年，情况又怎样呢？这是反问，没有作答，也无须作答。“尽道丰年瑞”者自己心里清楚。唐代末叶，苛重的赋税和高额地租剥削，使农民无论丰歉都处于同样悲惨的境地。“二月卖新丝，五月粜新谷”，“六月禾未秀，官家已修仓”，“山前有熟稻，紫穗袭人香。细获又精舂，粒粒如玉珰。持之纳于官，私室无仓箱”。这些诗句对“事若何”作出了明确的回答。但在这首诗里，不道破比道破更有艺术力量。它好象当头一闷棍，打得那些“尽道丰年瑞”者哑口无言。
三、四两句不是顺着“丰年事若何”进一步抒感慨、发议论，而是回到开头提出的雪是否为瑞的问题上来。因为作者写这首诗的主要目的，并不是抒写对贫者虽处丰年仍不免冻馁的同情，而是向那些高谈丰年瑞者投一匕首。“长安有贫者，为瑞不宜多。”好象在一旁冷冷地提醒这些人：当你们享受着山珍海味，在高楼大厦中高谈瑞雪兆丰年时，恐怕早就忘记了这帝都长安有许许多多食不果腹、衣不蔽体、露宿街头的“贫者”。他们盼不到“丰年瑞”所带来的好处，却会被你们所津津乐道的“丰年瑞”所冻死。一夜风雪，明日长安街头会出现多少“冻死骨”啊！“为瑞不宜多”，仿佛轻描淡写，略作诙谐幽默之语，实际上这里面蕴含着深沉的愤怒和炽烈的感情。平缓从容的语调和犀利透骨的揭露，冷隽的讽刺和深沉的愤怒在这里被和谐地结合起来了。
雪究竟是瑞兆，还是灾难，离开一定的前提条件，是很难辩论清楚的，何况这根本不是诗的任务。诗人无意进行这样一场辩论。他感到憎恶和愤慨的是，那些饱暖无忧的达官贵人们，本与贫者没有任何共同感受、共同语言，却偏偏要装出一副对丰年最关心、对贫者最关切的面孔，因而他抓住“丰年瑞”这个话题，巧妙地作了一点反面文章，扯下了那些“仁者”的假面具，让他们的尊容暴露在光天化日之下。
诗里没有直接出现画面，也没有任何形象的描绘。但读完了全诗，诗人自已的形象却鲜明可触。这是因为，诗中那些看来缺乏形象性的议论，不仅饱含着诗人的憎恶、蔑视、愤激之情，而且处处显示出诗人幽默诙谐、愤世疾俗的性格。从这里可以看出，对诗歌的形象性是不宜作过分偏狭的理解的。
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罗隐简介
唐代·罗隐的简介
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罗隐（833-909），字昭谏，新城（今浙江富阳市新登镇）人，唐代诗人。生于公元833年（太和七年），大中十三年（公元859年）底至京师，应进士试，历七年不第。咸通八年（公元867年）乃自编其文为《谗书》，益为统治阶级所憎恶，所以罗衮赠诗说：“谗书虽胜一名休”。后来又断断续续考了几年，总共考了十多次，自称“十二三年就试期”，最终还是铩羽而归，史称“十上不第”。黄巢起义后，避乱隐居九华山，光启三年（公元887年），55岁时归乡依吴越王钱镠，历任钱塘令、司勋郎中、给事中等职。公元909年（五代后梁开平三年）去世，享年77岁。
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