卢令
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两汉]：佚名
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卢令令，其人美且仁。
卢重环，其人美且鬈。
卢重鋂，其人美且偲。
卢令译文及注释
译文
黑犬颈圈丁当响，猎人英俊又善良。
黑犬脖上套双环，猎人英俊又勇敢。
黑犬脖上环套环，猎人英俊又能干。
注释
卢：黑毛猎犬。令令：即“铃铃”，猎犬颈下套环发出的响声。
其人：指猎人。仁：仁慈和善。
重（chóng ）环：大环套小环，又称子母环。
鬈（quán ）：勇壮。一说发好貌。
重鋂（méi ）：一个大环套两个小环。
偲（cāi ）：多才多智。一说须多而美。
卢令创作背景
关于此篇诗旨背景，历来看法不一，主要有以下几种说法：一、刺荒说。二、刺以色取人说。三、女恋男、女赞男之说。四、猎歌说（周蒙、冯宇《诗经百首译释》）。五、赞美猎者说（王质《诗总闻》、朱熹《诗集传》）。今人多从第五说，认为这是为赞美猎人而作。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：188-200
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：198-199
卢令鉴赏
关于此篇诗旨，历来看法不一，今将几种主要的说法列举如下：一、刺荒说（《毛诗序》：“《卢令》，刺荒也。襄公好田猎，毕弋而不修民事，百姓苦之，好陈古以风焉。”）二、刺以色取人说（牟庭《诗切》）。三、女恋男、女赞男之说（朱东润《诗三百篇探故》、袁梅《诗经译注》）。四、猎歌说（周蒙、冯宇《诗经百首译释》）。五、赞美猎者说（王质《诗总闻》、朱熹《诗集传》）。今人多从第五说，当以此说为是。
作者是以羡慕的眼光，对猎人的外在英姿和内在美德进行夸赞。实在看不出诗中有“陈古以风”之意，也看不出“词若叹美，意实讽刺”（方玉润《诗经原始》）之类的暗讽手法。
打猎是古代农牧社会习以为常的事。猎者除获得生活所需之物外，还有健身习武的好处。古人认为，国家要强盛，离不开文治武功。体魄强健，好勇善战，体现了国人的尚武精神。仁爱慈善，足智多谋，体现了国人的文明精神。因此，文武并崇，刚柔兼济，在古代形成一种风尚，一种共识。在这种风气影响下，人们往往把是否能文能武作为衡量一个人是否有出息的重要标准。在日常生活中，人们也常常以这种标准与眼光来衡量和观察各种人物，一旦有这样的人物出现，就倍加赞赏，此诗中的猎者就是其中一例。作者选取狩猎这一常见习俗，对猎人的善良、勇敢、能干和美姿进行赞誉，既是情理中事，又是诗人审美眼光独到之处。
此诗采用了由犬及人、由实到虚的写法。全诗共三章，每章的第一句均以实写手法写犬；每章的第二句均以虚写手法写人，“即物指人，意态可掬”（陈震《读诗识小录》）。“令令”、“重环”、“重鋂”，是写犬，不仅描绘其貌，而且描摹其声。由此可以想见当时的情景：黑犬在猎人跟前的受宠貌和兴奋貌，猎犬在跑动中套环发出的响声等等，这就从一个侧面烘托出狩猎时的气氛。陈继揆《读诗臆补》云：“诗三字句，赋物最工。如‘殷其雷’及‘卢令令’等句，使人如见如闻，千载以下读之，犹觉其容满目，其音满耳。”对“卢令令”三字感受特深。“美且仁”、“美且鬈”、“美且偲”，则是写人，在夸赞猎人英姿的同时，又夸赞猎人的善良、勇敢和才干。这样看来，诗中所赞美的猎人，是个文武双全、才貌出众的人物，以致引起旁观者（包括作者）的羡慕、敬仰和爱戴。从感情的角度看是真实的，从当时所崇尚的民风看，也是可信的。
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佚名《
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终南》
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佚名《
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国风·周南·麟之趾》
佚名简介
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