长相思·南高峰
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宋代]：袁正真
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南高峰。北高峰。南北高峰云淡浓。湖山图画中。采芙容。小小红船西复东。相思无路通。
长相思·南高峰鉴赏
词人袁正真，本为南宋宫女。公元1276年，元军破临安，谢太后乞降。不久帝后三宫三千多人迁北上元都。当时身为琴师的词人汪元量三次上书，求为道士而返回江南。在其辞别元都将要南行之际，南宋旧GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>宫人为之贱行，并赋诗相送。袁正真这首词即作于此时。
这首词出于《宋旧GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>宫人诗词》，从这首词的题材、风调，乃至语言，都很像一首描写男女相思的情诗。但实际上这只不过是作者租用的一种形式而已，其深意在于表达作者的亡国之恨和思国之苦。
“南高峰，北高峰”，聪明的作者就巧妙地利用现存的两座山峰的名字领起，起笔通俗、简洁，而又自然地将词引入特定的环境之中。一开篇也就将读者引入词中。南高峰、北高峰，是西湖十景之一。“南北高峰旧往还，芒鞋踏遍两山间”。古住今来多少游人墨客登高怀远留下诗词画卷。烟笼雾绕，云掩双峰，更增添了它的美和浓浓的诗情画意，清代文人直称之为“双峰插云”。“南北高峰云淡浓”，抓住其美的特征，而且词简意丰，具有极强表现力，试想那云的飘浮聚散，色的轻重厚薄，景的幻化多姿，不都蕴含在“淡浓”二字之中吗！尤为可贵的是双峰皆然，那真是目不暇接，美不胜收。“湖山图画中”总括山水如画，极言其美，收束上片；一面又以“山”连及“湖”，再以“湖”字暗逗下片，上承下转，出乎自然。“万顷西湖水贴天，芙蓉杨柳乱秋烟”（钟禧《和友人招游西湖》）。湖水中有芙蓉，芙蓉映衬湖水，恰如“绿叶红花”，相得益彰。
《长相思》一词写至“采芙蓉，赏芙蓉”，那场景、气氛、意境便顿时大变了，在读者眼前展现的就不只是山水花草之美，更从中体味到，歌的美、情的美、和生活之美。好的作品通过具体的形象，显现其独特的主题和美的个性。“小小红船西复东”便起了这种独特作用。尽管读来平平，但细细体味，却不一样。采也好，赏也好，但总也“相思无路通”。寻其所思，觅其所爱，东寻西觅而不可得。令人陷入无限的伤怀和幽恨之中。“相思地路通”，显然是受了“波淡淡，水溶溶，奴隔荷花路不通”（陈金风《乐游曲》），以及《小长干曲》中的“月暗送湖风，相寻路不通”等诗句的影响。
“塞北江南千万里，别君容易见君难，何处是长安？”（陶明淑《望江南》）对于羁旅之中的宋旧GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>宫人来说，汪元量的南归，撩拨起多少离愁别恨，勾起内心深处些许怀旧之情，也一定会情不自禁地联想到自己——“何日是归年”？谁来回答？只有“无路通”。
“相思”二字就道出了作者对湖山如画南国风光的无限眷恋之情。然而十多年来左思右想、“东寻西觅”，哪有归路！“无路通”三个字，使其陷深深地绝望之中。对于“无望”和相思两情感。对于也曾是“日夜思家归不得”的汪元量来说，不仅完全可以理解，而且定会唤起深深的同情和强烈的共鸣。此词一出，彼此黯然神伤，掩面而泣，正所谓：“……断肠人听断肠声，肠断泪如倾”（周容淑《望江南》）。
《长相思》本是唐教坊曲名，后来演化为词牌，是词牌双叠中最短的。全词共三十六字，前后片开头二句多用蕴韵。这首词起笔自然，结笔高明，写景写事，娓娓道来。笔锋辗转，双关妙语，亮出心曲。作者用韵精确，多用比喻，有乐府民歌之神貌。在表达家国之恨，故土之思这个主旨时，从容不迫，举重若轻，情至文生，可以看出词作者超凡的才情笔力。
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晏几道《
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长相思·长相思》
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王安石《
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谒金门·春又老》
袁正真简介
唐代·袁正真的简介
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词人袁正真，本为南宋宫女。1276年，元军破临安，谢太后乞降。不久帝后三宫三千多人迁北上元都。当时身为琴师的词人汪元真三次上书，求为道士而返回江南。在其辞别元都将要南行之际，南宋旧宫人为之贱行，并赋诗相送。袁正真《宋旧宫人诗词》这首词即作于此时。
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