八声甘州·记玉关踏雪事清游
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宋代]：张炎
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辛卯岁，沈尧道同余北归，各处杭、越。逾岁，尧道来问寂寞，语笑数日。又复别去。赋此曲，并寄赵学舟。
记玉关踏雪事清游，寒气脆貂裘。傍枯林古道，长河饮马，此意悠悠。短梦依然江表，老泪洒西州。一字无题处，落叶都愁。
载取白云归去，问谁留楚佩，弄影中洲？折芦花赠远，零落一身秋。向寻常、野桥流水，待招来，不是旧沙鸥。空怀感，有斜阳处，却怕登楼。
八声甘州·记玉关踏雪事清游译文及注释
译文
记得在北方边关，专事去踏雪漫游，寒气冻硬了貂裘。沿着荒枯的树林古老的大道行走，到漫长的黄河边饮马暂休，这内心的情意呵似河水悠悠。北游如一场短梦，梦醒后此身依然在江南漂流，禁不住老泪纵横，洒落在故都杭州。想借红叶题诗，却连一个字也无题写之处，那飘落的片片红叶已写满了忧愁。
你载着一船的白云归去，试问谁将玉佩相留，顾盼水中倒影于中洲？折一枝芦花寄赠远方故友，零落的芦花呵透出一身的寒秋。向着平常的野桥流水漫步，待招来的已不是旧日熟识的沙鸥。空怀着无限的情感，在斜阳夕照的时候，我却害怕登楼。
注释
八声甘州：词牌名，又名《潇潇雨》，简称《甘州》。唐玄宗时教坊大曲有《甘州》，杂曲有《甘州子》，是唐边塞曲，因以边塞地甘州为名。双调平韵，九十五至九十八字，共有七体。
辛卯岁，沈尧道同余北归：元世祖至正辛卯（1291）年，作者同沈尧道同游燕京（今北京）后从北归来。沈尧道，名钦，张炎词友。
逾岁：过了一年；到了第二年。
赵学舟：人名，张炎词友。
记玉关踏雪事清游：指北游的生活。他们未到玉门关，这里用玉关泛指边地风光。清游，清雅游赏。
貂裘：貂皮制成的衣裘。
长河：指黄河 。 汉应玚《别诗》之二：“浩浩长河水，九折东北流。” 唐王维《使至塞上》诗：“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆。”
短梦：短暂的梦。
江表：江外。指长江以南的地区。
西州：古城名，在今南京市西。此代指故国旧都。晋谢安死后， 羊昙醉至西州门，恸哭而去，即此处。事见《晋书·谢安传》。后遂用为典实。
楚佩：《楚辞》中有湘夫人因湘君失约而捐玦遗佩于江边的描写,后因用“楚佩”作为咏深切之情谊的典故。
弄影：物动使影子也随着摇晃或移动。
中洲：即洲中。《楚辞·九歌·湘君》：“君不行兮夷犹，蹇谁留兮中洲。” 王逸 注：“中洲，洲中也。水中可居者曰洲。”
赠远：赠送东西给远行的人。
沙鸥：栖息于沙滩、沙洲上的鸥鸟。旧沙鸥，这里指志同道合的老朋友。
斜阳：傍晚西斜的太阳。
登楼：指汉末王粲避乱客荆州 ，思归，作《登楼赋》之事。
参考资料：
1、上彊邨民(编) 蔡义江（解） ． 宋词三百首全解 ．上海 ：复旦大学出版社 ， 2008/11/1 ：第325-327页 ．
2、吕明涛，谷学彝编著 ．宋词三百首 ．北京 ：中华书局 ， 2009.7 ： 第285-286页 ．
八声甘州·记玉关踏雪事清游创作背景
公元1290年，张炎和友沈尧道应召为元政府写金字《藏经》。翌年，回归南方。之后词人在越州居住，和沈尧道及赵学舟都有词往来，这首词即作于此时。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等著 ．《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（南宋·辽·金卷） ．上海 ： 上海辞书出版社 ， 1988年版（2010年5月重印） ：第2295-2297页 ．
2、上彊邨民(编) 蔡义江（解） ． 宋词三百首全解 ．上海 ：复旦大学出版社 ， 2008/11/1 ：第325-327页 ．
八声甘州·记玉关踏雪事清游鉴赏
“记玉关踏雪事清游，寒气脆貂裘。”以“记”字领起，气势较为开阔、笔力劲峭。写他前年冬季赴北写经的旧事，展现了一幅冲风踏雪的北国羁旅图。北风凛冽，寒气袭人，三两个“南人”在那枯林古道上艰难行进。“此意悠悠”此句虽简，然则写出他内心无限的忧思。
“短梦依然江表，老泪洒西州”，旧事重提之后，续写北地回归之光景。江表，指江南。西州，古城名，在今南京西。此两句谓自己虽已回到南方故土，屈辱经历也过去，仍只能老泪洒落、无欢可言。南归以后，自己与尧道分处杭、越，音讯久未通。“一字无题处，落叶都愁。”点出为何不致书问候。并非不想题诗赠友，但实在是提不起任何兴致来。因西风吹打而飘散的片片红叶上，似乎处处都写满了“亡国”两字。不忍在上题诗，怕引起浓浓愁情。请老友给予谅解。开头这两韵五句，其意境苍凉阔大，有“唐人悲歌”之慨。着实为全词增添了一点“北国型”的“壮美”之感。“短梦依然江表，……落叶都愁。”随即音调多么缠绵低回。这是作者善于“一气旋折”的高妙本领。
“载取白云归去”则从眼前的离别写起。故人之访，给作者多少欢乐、慰藉和温暖。故人又要回去。面对此景，作者当然又会感慨生悲。“问谁留楚佩，弄影中洲”写出了自己与他两情依依之感。“楚佩”借楚辞中湘君和湘夫人的典故。“折芦花赠远，零落一身秋”。当然所赠之物，只能是一枝芦花。这里表现出赠者零落如秋叶的心情。他以芦花来比己“零落一身秋”的凄况，饱寓着他生不逢时痛感。这里“折苇赠远”，笔调不凡，写意深刻。“向寻常野桥流水，待招来，不是旧沙鸥。”而故人既远，“野桥流水”附近也能招集到三朋二友，但终非沈尧道、赵学舟之类故交了。“空怀感，有斜阳处，却怕登楼”惆怅寂寞只能靠登楼远望排解。但余斜照的景色，只能徒增伤悲。所以顿又缩回了脚步！
全词先悲后壮，先友情而后国恨，惯穿始终的，是一股荡气回肠的“词气”。使读者极能渗透到作者的感情世界之中。写身世飘萍和国事之悲感哀婉动人，令人如闻断雁惊风，哀猿啼月。
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李煜《
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浪淘沙令·帘外雨潺潺》
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俞国宝《
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风入松·一春长费买花钱》
张炎简介
唐代·张炎的简介
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张炎（1248年－1320年），字叔夏，号玉田，晚年号乐笑翁。祖籍陕西凤翔。六世祖张俊，宋朝著名将领。父张枢，“西湖吟社”重要成员，妙解音律，与著名词人周密相交。张炎是勋贵之后，前半生居于临安，生活优裕，而宋亡以后则家道中落，晚年漂泊落拓。著有《山中白云词》，存词302首。张炎另一重要的贡献在于创作了中国最早的词论专著《词源》，总结整理了宋末雅词一派的主要艺术思想与成就，其中以“清空”，“骚雅”为主要主张。
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赵抃
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锦川城里玉溪横，溪上浮图画阁明。我念官拘登未暇，有风终日为谁清。
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相书语（张璟藏论妇人相引此）
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两汉：
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佚名
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目有四白，五夫守宅。
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题张叔平红崖碑后
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清代：
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司炳煃
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张君好游复好奇，逍遥不受名利羁。东行泰岱西咸池，凌跨三湘吊九嶷。
茧足不遗蛮与夷，直到吾黔罗甸之边陲。红崖山石如猊狮，红崖文字如龙夔。
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首尾吟 其八十三
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宋代：
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邵雍
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尧夫非是爱吟诗，诗是尧夫恨月时。见说天长在甚处，照教人老待奚为。
婵娟东面才如鉴，屈曲西边却似眉。由此遂多悲与喜，尧夫非是爱吟诗。