柳枝词
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唐代]：何希尧
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大堤杨柳雨沉沉，万缕千条惹恨深。
飞絮满天人去远，东风无力系春心。
柳枝词鉴赏
《柳枝词》即《杨柳枝词》，是中唐以后流行的歌曲之一，歌辞则由诗人创作翻新。借咏柳抒写别情的，在其中占有很大比例。此诗即属此类。
大堤在襄阳城外，靠近横塘。宋随王刘诞《襄阳曲》云：“朝发襄阳来，暮止大堤宿。大堤诸女儿，花艳惊郎目。”似乎从这诗以后，大堤便成了情郎们寻花问柳的去处，唐人诗中写到大堤，多有此意。如施肩吾《襄阳曲》：“大堤女儿郎莫寻，三三五五结同心。清晨对镜理容色，意欲取郎千万金。”李贺《大堤曲》：“莲风起，江畔春。大堤上，留北人。”由此推知，这首《柳枝词》写的，便是大堤女儿在暮春时分送别GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人的情景。
由于近水，堤上夹道的杨柳，枝条特别繁茂，丝条垂地，给人以嬝娜娇怯之感。“柳条无力魏王堤”（白居易），写的便是这种情景。“晴烟漠漠柳毵毵，不那离情酒半酣”（韦庄），每逢折柳送别，即使晴天，也不免令人感伤，何况雨雾迷濛，那是要倍增惆怅的。“大堤杨柳雨沉沉”，“沉沉”二字，既直接写雨雾（这不是滂沱大雨，否则不能飞絮）沉沉，又兼关柳枝带雨，显得沉甸甸的。而人的心情沉重，也在景物的映衬下透露出来。送别GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人，离恨自深，说“万缕千条惹恨深”，不仅意味着看到那两行象征离别的翠柳，又使愁情加码，还无意中流露出女子因无奈而迁怨于景物的情态，显得娇痴可爱。
但此诗的精彩并不在前两句，三句写分手情景道：“飞絮满天人去远”，意境绝妙。前二句写雨不写风，写柳不写絮，到写“人去远”时，才推出“飞絮满天”的画面，这样便使人事和自然间发生感应关系，其妙类似于“蒙太奇”手法。同时这句包含一隐一显两重意味，明说着“人去也”，而飞絮满天，又暗示“春去也”。宋人王观有“才始送春归，又送君归去”的名句，句下已有无尽惆怅；而两事同时发生，情何以堪！诗人都说风雪GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>送人，景最凄迷；而“杨花似雪”、“飞絮满天”的景色，更易使人迷乱。“人去远”，是就行者而言；还有一个站在原地未动的人，一任柳絮飞怀扑面，此种神情意态，隐然见于言外。
“东风无力系春心。”结句含蓄藉，耐人寻味。从上句的“飞絮满天”看，这是就自然节物风光而言，谓东风无计留春长驻，春来春去，有其必然性在；从上句的“人去远”看，“春心”二字双关，实指恋情，则此句又意味着爱情未必持久，时间会暗中偷换人心。前一重必然隐射着后一重必然。诗句既针对大堤男女情事，有特定的涵义；又超越这种情事，含有普遍的哲理。
这首诗的诗味浑厚，一句比一句有味，读之如嚼甘饴，其味无穷。
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纪映淮《
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咏秋柳》
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牛峤《
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杨柳枝五首·其二》
何希尧简介
唐代·何希尧的简介
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何希尧，分水人，唐代诗人。字唐臣。生卒年不详，唐宪宗时在世。今存诗四首。
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