一枝花·咏喜雨
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元代]：张养浩
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用尽我为国为民心，祈下些值金值玉雨，数年空盼望，一旦遂沾濡，唤省焦枯，喜万象春如故，恨流民尚在途，留不住都弃业抛家，当不的也离乡背土。
【梁州】恨不得把野草翻腾做菽粟，澄河沙都变化做金珠。
直使千门万户家豪富，我也不枉了受天禄。
【尾声】青天多谢相扶助，赤子从今罢叹吁。
只愿得三日霖霪不停住，便下当街上似五湖，
都渰了九衢，犹自洗不尽从前受过的苦。
一枝花·咏喜雨译文及注释
译文
为国为民，我鞠躬尽瘁、沥血呕心，
求来了这一场雨，宝贵得如玉如金。
老百姓空盼了好几年，
今天终于把大地滋润。
干枯的庄稼绿色新。
春天回来了，使万物欣欣，令我高兴；
逃荒的百姓，仍颠沛流离，使我遗恨。
老百姓呆不住了便抛家别业，
灾民们受不了时才离乡背井。
我恨不得
把遍地野草都变成茂密的庄稼，
让河底沙石都化做澄黄的金珠。
直到家家户户都生活得富足，
我也算没有糟踏国家的俸禄。
眼睁睁看着天灾成害无所助，
让我只急得白发长满了头颅。
多谢老天爷的扶持帮助，
老百姓从此没有哀叹处。
但愿这大雨一连三天不停住，
哪怕下得街道成了五大湖、
大水淹没了所有大路，
也还洗不尽老百姓这几年受过的苦！
注释
祈雨：古代人们祈求天神或龙王降雨的迷信仪式。值玉值金：形容雨水的珍贵。
沾濡（zhan ru），浸润，浸湿。
省：通“醒”。焦枯：指被干旱焦枯的庄稼。
恨流民尚在途：指雨后旱象初解，但灾民还在外乡流浪逃荒，作者心中引为憾事。
当不的：挡不住。
翻腾：这里是变成的意思。菽（shu）粟：豆类和谷类。
天禄：朝廷给的俸禄（薪水）。
没是处：束手无策，不知如何是好。
雪满头颅：愁白了头发。
赤子：指平民百姓。罢叹叶：再不必为久旰不雨叹息了。
霖霪（yin）：长时间的透雨。
渰（yan）：同“淹”。九衢：街道。
犹自：依然。
一枝花·咏喜雨鉴赏
作者官居高位时直言敢谏、与时不合，便中流涌退、回家隐居。朝廷几次征召，他都不出来。但为了关中百姓大旱之苦，他却高龄出仕。他把自己的钱拿出来救济灾民，夜晚向天祈祷，白天出外赈灾，整日辛劳，有时因念百姓疾苦而痛哭不已，四个月后便病倒去世了。关中一带百姓哀痛如失父母。作者因此受到人民的景仰和赞扬，被历史公认为好官。
好官为百姓而死，坏官把百姓整死。因此中国人有赞扬好官的传统。但好官确实太少了，而且越来越少。
人民永远记得为他们而死的好官，但也不会忘记整死无辜百姓的坏官，因为他们还要亲手把其中最坏的钉到历史的耻辱柱上去。
套曲〔一枝花〕《咏喜雨》，是他在陕西救灾时所作,比较真实地反映了灾区人民流离失所的悲惨生活。在元代散曲中这些作品是难能可贵的。
久旱逢雨的喜悦心情，表现其对农业生产和百姓的关心。感情深挚，语言朴实无华。丰富的想象、大胆的夸张和形象的比喻的运用，为作品增色不少，艺术效果尤为显著。
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欧阳修《
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咏零陵》
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贾岛《
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望山》
张养浩简介
唐代·张养浩的简介
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张养浩（1269—1329年），汉族，字希孟，号云庄，山东济南人，元代著名散曲家。诗、文兼擅，而以散曲著称。代表作有《山坡羊·潼关怀古》等。
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