襄邑道中
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宋代]：陈与义
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襄邑道中译文及注释
注释
①襄邑：今河南省睢（suī）县，在开封（北宋京城）东南150里，惠济河从境内通过。
②榆堤：栽满榆树的河堤。
③不知：不知道。
④俱东： 俱： 一起 指一起向东。
译文
两岸原野落花缤纷，随风飞舞,连船帆也仿佛也染上了淡淡的红色，
船帆趁顺风，一路轻扬，沿着长满榆树的大堤，半日工夫就到了离京城百里以外的地方。
躺在船上望着天上的云 ，它们好像都纹丝不动，却不知道云和我都在向东行前进。
襄邑道中创作背景
这首诗作于政和七年（1117），作者任满经襄邑入京，诗人此行是任开德府教授期满，入京待选，因此志得意满，心情舒畅。于是便写下了这首即景抒怀诗。
参考资料：
1、傅德岷 ．《唐宋诗鉴赏辞典》 ：崇文书局 ，2005 ．
2、傅璇琮 ．《中国诗学大辞典》 ：浙江教育出版社 ，1999 ．
3、余冠英 ．《中国古代山水诗鉴赏辞典》 ：江苏古籍出版社 ，1989 ．
襄邑道中鉴赏
全诗写坐船行进于襄邑水路的情景。首句写两岸飞花，一望通红，把作者所坐的船都照红了。用“红”字形容“飞花”的颜色，这是“显色字”，诗中常用；但这里却用得很别致。花是“红”的，这是本色；船本不红，被花照“红”，这是染色。作者不说“飞花”红而说飞花“照船红”，于染色中见本色，则“两岸”与“船”，都被“红”光所笼罩。次句也写了颜色：“榆堤”，是长满榆树的堤岸；“飞花两岸”，表明是春末夏初季节，两岸榆树，自然是一派新绿。只说“榆堤”而绿色已暗寓其中，这叫“隐色字”。与首句配合，红绿映衬，色彩何等明丽！次句的重点还在写“风”。“百里”是说路长，“半日”是说时短，在明丽的景色中行进的小“船”只用“半日”时间就把“百里榆堤”抛在后面，表明那“风”是顺风。作者只用七个字既表现了绿榆夹岸的美景，又从路长与时短的对比中突出地赞美了一路顺风，而船中人的喜悦心情，也洋溢于字里行间。
古人行船，最怕逆风。作者既遇顺风，便安心地“卧”在船上欣赏一路风光：看两岸，飞花、榆堤，不断后移；看天上的“云”，却并未随之而动。作者明知船行甚速，如果天上的“云”真的不动，那么在“卧看”之时就应像“榆堤”那样不断后移。于是，作者恍然大悟：原来天上的云和自己一样朝东方前进。
作者坐小船赶路，最关心的是风向、风速。这首小诗，通篇都贯串一个“风”字。全诗以“飞花”领起，一开头便写“风”。如果没有“风”，“花”就不会“飞”。次句出“风”字，写既是顺风，风速又大。三、四两句，通过仰卧看云表现闲适心情，妙在通过看云的感受在第二句描写的基础上进一步验证了既遇顺风、风速又大，而作者的闲适之情，也得到了进一步的表现。应该看到，三、四两句也写“风”，如果不是既遇顺风、风速又大，那么天上的云便不会与船同步前进，移动得如此迅疾。以“卧看满天云不动”的错觉反衬“云与我俱东”的实际，获得了出人意外的艺术效果。
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上一首：
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杨基《
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天平山中》
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下一首：
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曾几《
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三衢道中》
陈与义简介
唐代·陈与义的简介
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陈与义(1090-1138)，字去非，号简斋，汉族，其先祖居京兆，自曾祖陈希亮迁居洛阳，故为宋代河南洛阳人（现在属河南）。他生于宋哲宗元祐五年(1090年)，卒于南宋宋高宗绍兴八年(1138年)。北宋末，南宋初年的杰出诗人，同时也工于填词。其词存于今者虽仅十余首，却别具风格，尤近于苏东坡，语意超绝，笔力横空，疏朗明快，自然浑成，著有《简斋集》。
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瑶华 感事作
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