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智慧词库a>成语词典坚壁清野坚壁清野的故事
坚壁清野的成语故事

拼音jiān bì qīng yě
基本解释坚壁:加固营垒;清野:将四野的财物清理收藏起来。加固营垒;清理收藏财物。
出处晋 陈寿《三国志 魏志 荀彧传》:“今东方皆已收麦,必坚壁清野以待敌军,将军攻之不拔,路之无获,不出十日,则十万之众未战而自固耳。”
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坚壁清野的典故
东汉末年,曹操在镇压黄巾军占领了兖(yǎn)州地区后,雄心勃勃地准备夺取徐州要地。
那时,颍川颍阳(今河南许昌)有个名叫荀傕的人,非常有才能,为避董卓之乱迁居冀州,被袁绍待为上宾。他看出袁绍不能成就大事,就投奔到曹操门下。曹操大喜,任命他为司马。从此,他跟随曹操南征北战,出谋划策,深得曹操的信任。
公元194年,徐州牧陶谦病死,死前将徐州让给了刘备。消息传来,曹操夺取徐州的心再也按捺不住了,忙着要出兵徐州。荀傕知道了曹操的想法,说道:“当年汉高祖保住关中,光武帝刘秀据有河内,他们都有一个巩固的根据地,进足以胜敌,退足以坚守,所以成了大业。如今将军不顾兖州而去攻打徐州,我方留守兖州的军队留多了,则不足以取得徐州;留少了,倘若吕布此时乘虚而入,又不足以守住兖州。最后,一定是弄得兖州尽失,徐州未取。”他还指出,“眼下正值麦收季节,听说徐州方面已组织人力,抢割城外的麦子运进城去。这说明他们已有了准备,一旦有风声传来,他们必然会加固防御工事,转移全部的物资,一切准备就绪迎击我们(原文为:‘今东方皆以收麦,必坚壁清野以待将军’)。这样,你的兵马真的去了,城攻不下,什么东西也得不到手,不出十天,你的军队就会不战自溃。”
曹操听了荀傕的话,十分佩服,从此集中兵力,很快打败了吕布。后来,又打败了刘备,占据了徐州。
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